I think the commonly accepted ‘artistic’ games are the ones that employ some form of non-conventional mechanics to deliver a unique experience. Games like Shadow of the Colossus and Journey. I also think that some other games can’t really be called ‘art’. Maybe some of the mainstream shooters? Call of Duty, PUBG and so on.
Like any other medium, I guess it’s up to the creator to define if there’s a deeper meaning/quality to a game. Some of them do, while others don’t.
Sorry if we’re going around in circles here; it’s just a really abstract topic. 